![]() ![]() In the same way Robinson wants to argue that music elicits a mood which will help to focus the listener’s attention more on the specific expressive qualities of the music. If we are in a happy mood, we are more inclined to think that the faces we encounter look happy ( Niedenthal et al., 2001). Since moods create bias, moods can affect, for instance, the way we perceive. ![]() The mood the music evokes, can help the listener to focus on the expressive qualities of the music. The debate mostly deals with absolute or instrumental music, but for the sake of brevity I will use the word “music.” Drawing on empirical research (for example Krumhansl, 1997 Juslin and Sloboda, 2001), Robinson (2005) ascribes a specific role to moods in appreciating music. The following arguments have been given in favor of the relevance of moods for the aesthetic experience of music. The relation between feeling and mood has been overlooked in the debate on music and mood: musical moods should be considered clusters of feelings and music feels the way moods feel. I will present a new account which claims that moods are indeed relevant to the aesthetic experience, but avoids these criticisms. The arguments against the aesthetic relevance of music-induced moods are: (1) moods do not have intentional objects and therefore cannot be directed at the music ( Zangwill, 2004) and (2) music-induced moods are a kind of mind-wandering, as they are personal and vary from listener to listener ( Kivy, 2006, 2007). There is disagreement on what is to be included in this appreciative experience. This is broader than just the enjoyment of music. By “the aesthetic experience of music” I mean the listener’s evaluative experience of the music which constitutes the listener’s belief that the music has aesthetic value. Some philosophers maintain that music evokes moods and that they are important to the appreciation of music, while others argue that even if music induces moods, they are irrelevant to the aesthetic experience. You might listen to sad music after having gone through a breakup or to energetic songs to improve your mood instead. Results suggest that designer music may be useful in the treatment of tension, mental distraction, and negative moods.In everyday life, moods and music seem to be linked. Designer music was most effective in increasing positive feelings and decreasing negative feelings. ![]() Feeling shifts among subjects were observed with all types of music. The results for New Age and classical music were mixed. In contrast, after listening to the designer music (music designed to have specific effects on the listener), significant increases in caring, relaxation, mental clarity, and vigor were measured significant decreases were found in hostility, fatigue, sadness, and tension. With grunge rock music, significant increases were found in hostility, sadness, tension, and fatigue, and significant reductions were observed in caring, relaxation, mental clarity, and vigor. A total of 144 subjects completed a psychological profile before and after listening for 15 minutes to four types of music (grunge rock, classical, New Age, and designer). This study investigated the impact of different types of music on tension, mood, and mental clarity. ![]()
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